Ciencia, bienes comunes y soberanía digital: Hacia una inteligencia artificial gobernada por la comunidad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3145/infonomy.26.018Palabras clave:
Ciencia, Conocimiento global, Bien común, Soberanía digital, Inteligencia artificial, Gobernancia, Comunidad, Grandes modelos de lenguaje, Marcos regulatorios, Integridad, Equidad, Organismos científicos internacionales, CERN, Unesco, ONU, Naciones Unidas, Infraestructura, Fundación WikimediaResumen
La rápida integración de grandes modelos de lenguaje (LLM, por sus siglas en inglés) e inteligencia artificial generativa en los flujos de trabajo científicos ha introducido una asimetría estructural: los instrumentos que median de forma creciente la síntesis del conocimiento son propiedad de entidades comerciales, que los gobiernan y optimizan según estructuras de incentivos divergentes respecto de las normas epistémicas de la ciencia. En este artículo sostengo que los marcos regulatorios basados en principios éticos, si bien son necesarios, resultan insuficientes para salvaguardar la integridad del registro científico o para garantizar la participación equitativa de los investigadores en países de ingresos bajos y medios. A través de la síntesis de evidencia proveniente de la utilización de inteligencia artificial (IA) en investigación clínica, análisis de ciencia abierta, e investigación en salud pública, este artículo pone de relieve los riesgos poblacionales asociados a un conocimiento generado o mediado por intereses comerciales. Para mitigar dichos riesgos, argumento que los organismos científicos internacionales deben liderar la transición hacia una infraestructura de IA soberana y de propiedad comunitaria. Sitúo esta propuesta en el contexto del impulso institucional generado por el Pacto Digital Global de las Naciones Unidas, el establecimiento del Panel Científico Internacional Independiente sobre Inteligencia Artificial y el incipiente Diálogo Global sobre Gobernanza de la IA. Apoyándome en los precedentes del CERN y la Fundación Wikimedia, sostengo que la comunidad investigadora global debe traducir la voluntad política en soberanía computacional concreta. Diseñada como un bien común abierto (Open Commons), dicha infraestructura trascendería la mera utilidad en investigación para constituirse en la fuerza impulsora de un ecosistema de conocimiento global gobernado por la comunidad.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Humberto Debat
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
